Sentence examples for constant substitutions from inspiring English sources

Moreover, these additional positions are also a part of antigenic loops and hence are likely to undergo constant substitutions as a result of antigenic drift in the H2 viruses to escape antibody neutralization.

Haase (2009) uses constant substitution patterns of the MNL to find a linear integer reformulation.

Hence, we are able to reduce the bias to the objective, which is due to constant substitution patterns of the MNL.

One outcome of the IIA is that the ratio of choice probabilities of two alternatives (i.e., facility locations) remains constant no matter whether other alternatives are available or not (constant substitution pattern).

Given the average substitution rate for grasses (5.9×10−9 substitutions per synonymous site per year) [26] [28] under the assumption of the neutral constant substitution process, the divergence at synonymous sites in the evolutionary time of 2×14 million years would be 16.5% between the rice genes and the hypothetical homologs in the grass branches from the most recent ancestors of the rice genus.

Under the assumption of a constant substitution rate, sequence divergence distributions are equivalent to age distributions.

Their assumption of constant substitution rates was reflected in the exponential time course of amelioration toward the equilibrium proportion.

The values with constant substitution rate, as verified by the relative-rate test, are in bold (p > 0.10).

Substitution rates in the simulations involving variable substitution rates were 0.001, 0.002, and 0.003, while 0.0018 was selected for constant substitution rate simulations.

Given the divergence time estimates, this analysis indicates that genome-wide divergence accumulates slowly then rapidly rises, despite a constant substitution rate.

Eq. 3 is a generalization of the previously discussed exponential decay of p t) derived for a constant substitution rate μ.