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Animals were anesthetized, hearts rapidly excised and perfused retrogradely at a constant perfusion pressure of 75 mmHg with Krebs-Henseleit buffer containing (in mM) glucose 5.0, lactate 1.0, pyruvate 0.1, palmitate 0.32, glutamine 0.5 and 3% BSA (fatty acid free) plus 50 µU/mL insulin (NovoNordisk), as previously described [21].
After pre-relaxation using the β1-adrenoreceptor agonist isoproterenol (10 nM), the renal perfusate flow during a constant perfusion pressure (100 mmHg) was reduced by angiotensin II in a dose-dependent manner, as shown in Figure 6A.
The Langendorff-perfused heart model, using a constant perfusion pressure instead of constant flow rate, was employed [ 44].
Kidneys from Sprague-Dawley rats were perfused for 180 min with constant perfusion pressures (80 mmHg (n = 4); 120 mmHg (n = 4)) in a closed circuit system.
Hearts were isolated into ice-cold Krebs-Henseleit (KH) buffer, cannulated via the aorta and perfused in Langendorff mode at a constant perfusion pressure of 100 mmHg at 37°C [ 31].
Three groups of kidneys were perfused for 3 h with a constant perfusion pressure of 100 mmHg.: a control group (n = 5), a AII/ANP group (n = 6; 0.1 nmol/l AII in the second hour; 3.25 nmol/l hANP in the third hour) and an ALD/ANP group (n = 4; 27.7 nmol/l ALD in the second hour; 3.25 nmol/l hANP in the third hour).
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The cord was perfused with Krebs solution to a constant venous perfusion pressure of 40 mm Hg.
Constant-flow instead of constant-pressure perfusion was chosen for the current experimental model to guarantee constant levels of infused substances.
Total OF (n = 12) was measured by 2-level constant pressure perfusion of the monkey anterior chamber (AC) before and after exchange with 1 mM Na3VO4 or vehicle in opposite eyes.
The recirculating volume of the constant pressure perfusion system was 90 ml; arterial and venous pressures were set at 12 and 0 cm H2O respectively.
Stimuli and drugs (OXT and L-371,257 from Tocris Bioscience, Ellisville, MO) were dissolved in Tyrode's solution, and presented via constant bath perfusion.
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