This branch of the pathway represents G protein-independent sugar induction of LRP formation and LR outgrowth consistent with the present data.
Under these outgrowth-permissive conditions, we found no consistent effect on neurite outgrowth by the absence of ErbB1 or by treatment with its inhibitor PD168393 (Fig. 2A).
These observations are consistent with increased neuronal outgrowth of wild-type mouse neurons by Lgi1 (Owuor et al., 2009).
Our finding here that SH2B1α neither accumulates in the nucleus nor enhances NGF-induced neurite outgrowth is consistent with SH2B1β enhancement of neurite outgrowth requiring nuclear SH2B1β.
We experimentally tested this hypothesis using mutations that alter the fluctuations and we observe that the pattern of UNC-40 localization and axon outgrowth is consistent with this model.
Our finding, that L- t-LacCer disrupted β1-integrin clustering in the growth cone and attenuated the basal rate of axon outgrowth, is consistent with an essential role for the lipid microenvironment in normal integrin adhesion and signaling functions.
The increased abundance of bioactive cytokinins (Fig. 4) in the aerial shoots derived from crown buds of foliar glyphosate-treated plants is consistent with axillary bud outgrowth (Fig. 1).
27 SPG11 is clinically very similar to SPG15, and knock down of the zebrafish SPG15 and SPG11 orthologs zspg15 and zspg11, respectively, leads to a common phenotype of severely compromised spinal motor axon outgrowth, 14 consistent with a converging pathogenic mechanism.
These findings indicate that short-latency cases show an interspersal of RET rearrangement-positive epithelial cells with those that do not harbour a RET rearrangement, whereas the longer latency group show a pattern that could be associated with the development of subclonal outgrowth, or consistent with RET rearrangement occurring as a second event in subclones of a pre-existing lesion.
The increased abundance of bioactive auxin and cytokinin (Fig. 2) and PIN1 (Table 1) in subsequent generations of aerial shoots (6 weeks post-decapitation) in response to glyphosate-treatment is consistent with axillary bud outgrowth, assuming auxin is being exported from buds into the polar auxin transport stream [ 70, 71].
