Exact(2)
Furthermore, crowding also occurs year-round at festivals, sporting events, and conferences without consistent outbreaks of infection (Cannell et al. 2006; Dowell 2001).
While spatial and temporal variation in misreporting are likely to affect the ability of outbreak definitions to identify consistent outbreaks, it is likely that the common propensity for over-reporting of dengue cases during outbreaks and underreporting at other times would only reinforce the consistent distinction between outbreak periods and non-outbreak periods (Teutsch and Churchill, 2000).
Similar(58)
While some outbreak definitions clearly identified outbreaks with more variable characteristics than others, the general trend was that even the most consistent outbreak definition offered little improvement in consistency over the average definition and there were no common themes among the parameters that made definitions more consistent (Table 2).
No one single definition identified consistent outbreak characteristics when applied nationally (Fig. 3).
Additional definitions may identify more consistent outbreak characteristics, but their performance over wide-scale datasets have yet to be tested.
NoroSTAT reporting allows NoV strain data uploaded through CaliciNet to be rapidly linked with epidemiologic characteristics of outbreaks reported through NORS by using consistent outbreak identifiers in each system.
3/ Consistent with outbreaks involving the IMP-13 clone in critical care units, the observation of inadequate application of standard precautions argued for patient-to-patient transmission during urinary management of the urology patients.
(Table 2) Responses concerning religious, social, and logistical concerns about the procedure were remarkably consistent between outbreak communities.
The remaining 2 human cases of M. bovis occurred in US-born, Michigan residents; the cases had epidemiologic and molecular links to the genotypically consistent deer/cattle outbreak strain circulating in Michigan.
This is consistent with WNV outbreaks in Texas in previous years, which typically peaked in August.
This finding is consistent with reported outbreaks of avian influenza in harbor seals (4 – 6 ).
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