Continuity of care has further been associated with improved detection (7, 8) and management of hypertension (8), greater adherence to diabetes preventive care and other guideline-consistent services (9– 11), improved medication adherence (12), better glycemic control in patients with diabetes (13, 14), lower rates of hospitalizations (15– 17), and lower long-term mortality (18).
Yet, there is no consistent evidence for any intervention to significantly improve medication adherence in non-adherent community patients with psychotic disorders.
We found the most consistent evidence of improvement in medication adherence for interventions to reduce out-of-pocket expenses or improve prescription drug coverage, case management, and educational interventions across clinical conditions.
Our findings that patient understanding, regimen factors, and substance abuse/mental health issues influence medication adherence are consistent with prior studies regarding treatment adherence in HIV-positive patients.
We found that barriers to medication adherence were consistent across the different diabetic and demographic populations considered in the 86 studies.
This study showed that lack of privacy to store and take medications at home and at school was a barrier to medication adherence, which is consistent with findings from a Rwandan study amongst YLWH [ 18].
This finding suggests that medication-taking decisions are driven by one's valuation of the underlying attributes of a medication [ 11] and that, consistent with previous research [ 13], intentional medication adherence may be a behaviour that is not strongly associated with patient characteristics.
Similarly, we found no consistent relationship between rural residence and cardiovascular medication adherence or persistence rates based on unadjusted data.
This aim could not be met due to the lack of consistent results on potential modifiable determinants of medication adherence among HF patients.
However, our findings were consistent with the general literature on diabetes management and medication adherence.
More consistent medication use was associated with a lower likelihood of clinical events, whether adherence was measured through trajectory groups or PDC.
