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Recently, there has been a growing interest in consistent individual differences in behaviour that are maintained across different contexts, which are often referred to as 'behavioural syndromes' or 'personality differences' [7], [8].
Behavioural syndromes, i.e. consistent individual differences in behaviours that are correlated across different functional contexts, are a challenge to evolutionary reasoning because individuals should adapt their behaviour to the requirements of each situation.
Hence, it cannot generally be assumed that consistent individual differences in behaviour are stable throughout life and a validation for different behaviours, life stages and species is necessary.
Additionally, although some taxa show consistent individual differences in offspring defence behaviour, it is completely unknown whether individuals also differ in defensive structures.
Third, there were consistent individual differences in task-induced workload responses.
In fish, nest construction has been suggested to reflect qualities of individual builders, but little is known about how consistent individual differences are over time.
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A whopping 46% of scoring variations could be tied to consistent individual performance differences across interactions.
Over the last decade or more, a minor revolution in animal behaviour research has amassed similar evidence for consistent, individual behaviour differences within a large number of species.
Results are consistent with individual differences in creativity and schizotypy being partly related to a response criterion favoring right hemisphere, possibly nonconscious, processing.
The use of adjuvants for neuropathic pain is an indicator of compliance with available guidelines (SIGN, 2008), and perhaps its association with more appropriate opioid use is consistent in explaining individual differences among operators even in apparently similar settings.
In addition to MBG, HbA1c levels have been shown to be influenced by MBG-independent factors, which are manifested by consistent between-individual differences in HbA1c level regardless of the preceding background MBG (9, 10).
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