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Trypsin inhibitors are considered to have evolved as a protective measure against herbivores and bacterial infections.
Feathers, which consist of beta keratin, are considered to have evolved from reptilian scales (Figure 2).
Śiva is considered to have evolved from Rudra, and the two share a fierce, unpredictable, destructive nature.
All reported ADP-dependent ribokinases harbor the largest lid domain1, and are thus considered to have evolved from ATP-dependent enzymes with large, but slightly smaller lids with five strands and two helices (Supplementary Fig. 6a).
One of three species of Glaucis hermits, which genus is considered to have evolved in the Atlantic Forest region, although the present species was formerly sometimes placed in the genus Ramphodon, along with the Saw-billed Hermit (Ramphodon naevius) of the southern Atlantic Forest.
It is often considered to have evolved from enfolded megasporophyll or some other ovuliferous structure with enclosed ovules (angiospermy); alternatively, it is thought to have arisen from the cuplike bracts of extinct seed-bearing plants on which the leafy bracts grew together and thus enclosed the ovules.
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Epithelia are considered to have first evolved in ancestors of the Cnidaria, so sponges (Porifera), which diverged up to 200 million years prior to other metazoans [2], are the only multicellular animals thought to lack true epithelia, and it is widely considered that the environment can circulate through the sponge body [3], [4], [5], [7].
Morphological features supporting the Atelocerata are now often considered to have convergently evolved.
After a surveillance study of the epidemic and an analysis of >300 novel highly pathogenic PRRSVs were conducted, the highly pathogenic PRRSV from China was considered to have gradually evolved from CH-1a, a local PRRSV isolate.
Milk is the sole source of nutrients for neonatal mammals and is generally considered to have co-evolved with the developmental needs of the suckling newborn.
As in all aspects of eukaryogenesis, we have no evidence of how such a process could have evolved, as intermediate steps are missing from the records, but prevailing models consider cytoskeleton to have evolved from an archaeal-like host and before the last eukaryotic common ancestor [14].
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