The agency declined to say whether I.R.S. undercover agents have posed in these roles in an effort to get information that was not considered "privileged," meaning the type of confidential information someone shares with a lawyer or doctor.
The legal exception to informing parents, he notes, are tests for pregnancy or sexually transmitted disease, information that is widely considered privileged.
Mr. Nixon sought to avoid a constitutional confrontation by the action he announced Friday, the press secretary said, to give the courts the information from the tapes which the President had considered privileged.
Former prosecutor Carney says that prosecuting an attorney for divulging non-public information concerning a client can be problematic because lawyers' communications with clients are considered privileged.
Crucially, such a resolution would be considered "privileged" and could not be filibustered.
In a significant compromise, the Pentagon agreed to no longer require that reporters withhold information that the military considers privileged if such information has already been publicly revealed or independently verified.
Where power, access and social advantage intersect, information that many would consider privileged is passed as casually as canapés.
Consider your CV privileged information and share it only when you know it will be read and have impact.
Consider how valuable privileged information can be, such as the knowledge of decisions made in a cabinet, insider information from a publicly-listed corporation, Google's algorithms or Coca Cola's formula.
It was the trading that occurred after that conversation that the Government considered to be in violation of the law, since Mr. Freeman knew that Mr. Siegel was considered to be an insider with privileged information.
Consider whether your influence comes from your position in the hierarchy (or access to privileged information), or whether it truly comes from respect that you have earned.
