Exact(3)
Children were considered nested within preschool clusters to control for similarities between children attending the same preschools.
Descriptive variables included treatments, sheep, and sides (eg, left versus right hind limbs or skin incisions), whereas the treatments and sides were considered nested in sheep.
Here, the models are considered nested if the simpler version of the model can be obtained from the more complicated model by selecting particular values of model parameters.
Similar(56)
In addition, the main topic of analysis has been the sectoral level of the innovation system and concerns overwhelmingly the firm without considering nested levels of the NSI which provides a complete view of the innovation system.
By considering nested PARAFAC models with P=3, A ( 1, n ) = Φ ( n ) ∈ C K n × R, A ( 2, n ) = A ( n ) ∈ C J n × K n, and A ( 3, n ) = Ψ ( n ) ∈ C I n × J n, for n=1,…,N, we deduce doubly PARALIND/CONFAC models described by the following equation: X = I N, R × n = 1 N Ψ ( n ) A ( n ) Φ ( n ).
By considering nested PCR as gold standard [ 9, 13], sensitivity and specificity of real time PCR are described in Table 4. Comparable sensitivity (100%) and specificity (99 100 %) were found for real time PCR in respect to nested PCR.
We considered nests successful if ≥ 1 egg hatched; otherwise, we classified the nest as unsuccessful, noting the date and the age of the nest at failure and assigning a cause of failure (i.e., depredated, other or unknown, and death of female).
For this reason, we considered nests located within 10 m of the path to be subject to 'high' levels of visitor pressure.
Visitors rarely explore beyond this area and we adopted a conservative threshold distance of 150 m from the path, beyond which we considered nests to be subject to 'low' levels of visitor pressure.
Consider nesting birds, flying to and fro to fetch worms and bugs for incessantly peeping chicks, or the mouse and rabbit pups in their burrows, demanding milk from their mothers.
We controlled for site effects by considering nest identifiers (ID) as random effects.
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