Moreover, despite generating useful assessment information, MC tests may also produce unintended, and rarely considered, negative consequences for learners, such as the generation of false knowledge (Mandler and Rabinowitz, 1981; Roediger and Marsh, 2005; Butler et al., 2006; Kang et al., 2007).
The BIS-11 measures the tendency of individuals to consider negative consequences before acting [ 64].
Previously it has been argued that, compared with sober individuals, intoxicated individuals are less able to consider negative consequences of risky decisions over positive outcomes 12.
A survey carried out in Australia [ 8] reported that health messages on cigarette packs resulted in an increased probability that the warning is noticed, and made smokers more likely to consider negative consequences.
Yoder says that although he didn't hesitate in taking on his LGBTQA project, which he began as a postdoc, he has definitely considered potential negative consequences for his image as a scientist.
Agencies should consider the negative consequences of well-intended interventions: In the Kyangwali settlement, agencies have put posters up to show that beating and burning children is bad.
Considering the negative consequences for the everyday lives of the patients, the treatment possibilities for this dual diagnosis group should be studied.
Considering the negative consequences associated with oxidative stress, our group demonstrates in diabetic ZDF animals submitted to a swimming training protocol an increased antioxidant enzyme activity, with concomitant decline in oxidative aggression [ 34].
They demonstrated that, following alcohol consumption, the relatively automatic expectation of a positive outcome tends to persist, while the systematic effortful processing that is required to consider possible negative consequences declines, thereby increasing the probability that people will make risky choices.
Although on one hand, false alarms can be considered a negative consequence of EAS tagging, on the other hand they can also be viewed as a moderator of tag effectiveness.
Such assessments are complicated by the fact that outcomes considered to be negative consequences by researchers (e.g., blackouts and hangovers) are not always perceived as negative by students (Mallett et al. 2013).
