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When a particular report did not include a formal evaluation of cancer rates - e.g. because the analysis was limited to cases only, or because the report represented a case-control analysis of the association between the cancer(s) of concern and the exposure(s) of interest - a cluster was considered confirmed based on the information provided by the authors.
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MPAC urges the FBI and the Department of Justice to open an immediate investigation and consider this a terrorist attack if the motives of the shooter are confirmed based on his previous social media posts.
"We've confirmed, based on the contemporaneous documents, that Leonard's is not one of them.
The species identity was confirmed based on a morphological description33.
Their assertions could not be confirmed based on a visit to the city.
All lesions were histopathologically confirmed based on biopsy results.
Notch pathway downregulation was confirmed based on the downregulation of HES and HEY family members.
Ethnicity was confirmed based on parental origins.
Accurate placement was confirmed based on an abdominal radiograph.
Accurate placement was confirmed based on antroduodenal transmucosal potential difference.
Individuals were considered to have confirmed CD based on either: (1) characteristic findings on small bowel biopsy according to ESPGHAN criteria; (2) biopsy-proven dermatitis herpetiformis; or (3) positive celiac serology panel (transglutaminase (tTG) and endomysial (EMA) antibodies).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com