Pure oxygen (O2) is considered as reference data.
The setting points for a group of key variables were considered as reference values.
Both bulk mean and space averaged temperatures are considered as reference temperatures in the analytical solution.
Model outputs were then used to determine coral recovery using pairwise comparisons where the first year of survey was considered as reference.
Such vessels are considered as reference safe vessels since their operational life came to an end without any hazards.
Compatibility between the selected repair material and carbon/epoxy composites, whose repair procedure is already known, was conducted and considered as reference point.
For each animal, mock infected AM 2−ΔCt mRNA cytokines expression (normalized to the reference gene RPS24) is considered as reference 100, from which PRRSV AM as well as mock and PRRSV AM-like/PIM conditions are normalized.
The obtained experimental results show the advantages of adopting the DC buffer architecture, compared with an AC commercial battery charger, considered as reference in this work.
Results provided by the proposed finite elements model can be considered as reference solution enabling a rigorous assessment of recently analytical model proposed by Nguyen et al.
Detection schemes based on Doppler processors (Moving Target Indicator (MTI) and Moving Target Detector (MTD)) and conventional CFAR detectors are considered as reference.
Both structure and flow characteristics of the embedded silica proved to be quite similar to those obtained for pure silica rods, considered as reference.
