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A large number of bacteria produce polymers that are emulsifying efficiently at low concentrations and exhibiting considerable substrate specificity.
This suggests that several of these peptidase domains have evolved considerable substrate flexibility in targeting both eukaryotic and bacterial proteins.
Multidrug resistance protein [MDR], breast cancer related protein [BCRP] and multidrug resistance associated proteins [MRPs] are all present at the BBB and have considerable substrate overlap.
As there can be considerable substrate overlap between different transporters, it is possible that the loss of one transporter may be compensated for by the upregulation of another.
These differences in velocity were observed at early time points of the reaction and persisted into later time points (with considerable substrate depletion), obeying first order kinetics with consistently more rapid dephosphorylation of GSTP compared with eIF2aP.
This is showcased by the strong linear relationship between the log change of substrate concentration with reaction time, extending into the later time points with considerable substrate depletion (new Figures 3E, new Figure 4 figure supplement 1C and new Figure 4 figure supplement 3B, new Figure 8 figure supplement 2B-C).
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Glycerol is the main byproduct produced under anaerobic ethanol fermentations by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and consumes a considerable amount of substrate.
This finding indicates that there may be considerable diversity in substrate recognition among family members, and therefore diversity in function.
Compared to the use of xylan as a substrate, considerable amounts of H2 were acquired on Avicel and filter paper, but its fermentation was slow and incomplete.
Taken together, these results indicate that changes in the H-bond network, charge transfer and/or size of the target residue have considerable effects on substrate binding and, consequently, the catalytic activity of the mutant proteins.
There is considerable overlap in substrate specificities, and the MMPs appear to be involved in degradation of abundant ECM components, including laminins, collagens and fibronectin, but also in the release and turnover of cytokines and cell surface receptors of adjacent cells [ 8].
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