The capability to study possible effects and relationships of many exposure factors on multiple outcomes provides both considerable cost-effectiveness and research opportunities not otherwise available.
The estimated impact on overall mortality was less evident and has generated considerable controversy on the cost effectiveness of the treatment.
Given that the current highly effective drugs are substantially more expensive than previous antimalarials, the economic implications of overdiagnosis are considerable and undermine the cost effectiveness of the newer artemisinin based combination therapies (ACTs).
While universal MRSA screening has been mandatory in England and Wales since December 2010, considerable uncertainty remains about the cost effectiveness of this and accompanying interventions.
Finally, and of considerable significance to the question of cost effectiveness in a UK setting, none of the published models has been populated with UK data.
Despite the point estimate for the incremental cost-utility ratio (£8826) being below the £30 000 per QALY that is generally accepted as being a "threshold" of cost effectiveness by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, considerable uncertainty surrounds this estimate.
At the same time, this could have considerable economic implications; if switch programmes are conducted to reduce mesalazine prescribing costs, an increased risk of relapse could have a dramatic effect on their overall cost effectiveness.
Considerable uncertainty exists regarding the long-term clinical and cost effectiveness of HEPs in patients with intermittent claudication.
While there are limitations in the methods and the data, the use of a range of cost estimates provides considerable robustness to the overall conclusion to be drawn regarding the cost effectiveness of the program.
There is considerable structural uncertainty associated with the choice of outcome for modelling the cost effectiveness of AMD treatments.
We also develop a health economic evaluation to estimate the cost effectiveness of dabigatran in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation, given the considerable uncertainty about its cost effectiveness in the UK healthcare setting.
