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A common practice is to consider the item parameters obtained in the first step as the true item parameters (von Davier et al. [2007]).
Generally, rapid-guessing behavior is represented as responses occurring so rapidly that students either do not have time to fully consider the item (i.e., test speededness) or do not give their effort.
Following the convention of the literature, the RT threshold per item is defined as the lower bound for the amount of time an average student (in terms of speed) needs to fully consider the item and answer it.
Consider the item, "I know the different medical treatment options available for my health condition".
Consider the item.
Consider the item descriptions as your menu's most powerful marketing tool.
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China does not consider the items, which are sought after by North Korea's growing middle class, to be "luxury" goods, Reuters reported.
Because we do not need to consider the items, it is much faster to the user anchor point set.
It seems that it would be easy to simply consider the items as released items in the same way that you note PARCC has released over 800 questions from the spring 2015 administration.
A higher rate of missing responses among the first group on these items might be expected as they could consider the items not relevant to them, though it is not so clear why students should consider the items non-relevant.
Consider the items you threw into the "get rid of" box when you gave your room an initial clean.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com