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For example, the ADLCAP treats the predictor h2a (mobility in bed) in the following way: if h2a = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 8 (indicating levels of dependence); then consider as dependent; else (meaning h2a = 0 or 1, indicating independence) consider as independent.
As robustness check we also consider as dependent variable the dichotomous variable, "Being Absent", which takes on the value of one if the employee has benefited of at least one INPS sickness benefit over the year, and zero otherwise (as in Engellandt and Riphahn 2005, and Chaudhury et al. 2006).
Thus to consider these global migration effects we also consider as dependent variable the total migration rate (m i,t k, for all k education level), also available from Defoort and Rogers (2008).1 In this way, the size of migration flows by education level is measured by the skilled migration rate, unskilled migration rate, and total migration rate.
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The yield is considered as dependent variable.
Percent drug release was considered as dependent variable.
The encapsulation efficiency and exergy efficiency were considered as dependent variables.
Gelation temperature, viscosity study at 37 °C and % cumulative drug release upto 8 h were considered as dependent variables.
Several test variables, include softening point, penetration, G∗/sin δ at 64 °C and rotational viscosity at 135 °C of three conventional binders were considered as dependent test factors (responses).
The molar ratio of CaCl2 Na2CO3 (X1), the concentration of drug (X2) and the speed of homogenization (X3) were selected as independent variables while the particle size and entrapment efficiency were considered as dependent variables.
In particular, based on the images spatial analysis, the empirical statistical descriptors are considered as dependent variables and represented using the copula framework, allowing generating micro-structure realizations used as Stochastic Volume Elements (SVEs).
In the limit that is a sediment of very small particles, the measurements could be considered as dependent on the average activity of measured ions in the nearest vicinity of particles.
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