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Even though the active site housing segment (α2– η1−α3) is structurally conserved, the active site histidine is replaced with a tyrosine.
Although some residues around the active site are conserved, the active site of NfsA is more open than that of NfsB, an observation that contributed to our decision to investigate its activity with CB1954 and other prodrugs.
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Notably, although carotenoid-binding Lys-255 (Lys-216 for BR) and proton-releasing Arg-109 (Arg-82 for BR) are conserved, the key active site residues in typical proton-pumping rhodopsins (Asp-85 and Asp-96 for BR) are replaced by Asn-112 and Gln-123 (fig. 2 A), suggesting that this protein is functionally unique.
The German calendar is appropriately inconvenient: nothing good is conserved without the active remembrance of something bad.
Nine water molecules are conserved in the active site and form an intricate hydrogen-bonding network with the co-factor and the surrounding amino acid residues.
In the U2-U6 complex, the central region of U6-snRNA folds into an intramolecular-stem-loop (ISL) structure, which is highly conserved in the active spliceosome and juxtaposes the regions interacting with U2-snRNA [42].
10 of the 11 ortholog pairs were conserved at the active site.
These two aspartic acid residues are conserved in the active VMA homing endonucleases (S. cerevisiae, S. cariocanus and Z. baillii).
In this study, the residues in the lyase domain of VenL that are conserved in the active site of OspF proteins were mutated to evaluate their importance for catalysis.
For example, the GRM1 locus found in 5 Streptococcus strains encodes 2 copies of an aldehyde dehydrogenase: one is predicted to be inactive due to a mutation of a catalytic residue; this paralog lacks an EP while the other one is presumably active (based on residues conserved in the active site) and contains an EP on its C-terminus.
Another residue that is highly conserved in the active site of the BC domain is His216, which hydrogen bonds with the 3′-hydroxyl group of bound MgATP and the carboxyl group of Glu218 in RePC and with the carboxyl group of the equivalent residue in Staphylococcus aureus PC (Glu211).
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