In patients undergoing cardiac surgery, healthcare-associated infection often represents a dramatic event, with a consequent prolonged hospitalization and increased mortality [ 1].
In the base-case, a lower total cost for the treatment of CAP in the ertapenem-arm is expected due to the higher proportion of successfully treated patients, making second-line treatments unnecessary and resulting in consequent savings in hospitalization costs.
The consequent increase in hospitalizations also results in increased health care costs.
Such approaches have led to reduction in ulcers and hospitalizations, with consequent reduction in cost.
Concerns raised by the National Advisory Commission on Biomedical Ethics[ 17] about damaging effects of shorter hospitalizations and consequent poorer quality of care may therefore be obsolete with reference to DRGs as a causal factor.
Despite the plethora of publications and guidelines, the data consistently show a lower uptake of evidence-based investigations and therapies in older patients with consequent higher rates of HF hospitalizations and mortality [ 43].
Appropriate empirical therapy was defined as the empiric administration of antibiotics upon hospitalization to which the consequent MSSA isolate was susceptible.
A frail person has a higher risk of loss of autonomy in daily life (ADL), health-related problems, institutionalization, hospitalization, and death, with consequent negative influences on the quality of life.
A number of reports indicate a substantial increase in candida infections in the United States during the last 2 decades, including a consequent rise in related deaths and prolonged hospitalization (1 – 5 ).
This further leads to an increased number of required medical consultations, emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations [ 4], with the consequent increase of costs [ 5, 6].
