Mechanistically, insulin resistance lies upstream of the metabolic syndrome and its consequences on the causal pathway for cardiovascular disease.
Second, as a consequence of the causal ordering of the events in the resultant sets, it is sufficient to verify only a pair of single events, one per each set, in order to determine whether these sets are causally or concurrently related, regardless of the cardinality of the sets.
Considering that residuals in a SEM account for the sum of the effects of the parents of each trait that are not included in the model predictor, the consequence of the causal sufficiency assumption is the absence of sources of residual covariance among traits, i.e. residual covariance matrices must be diagonal [ 3].
An important point to observe regarding the study of causal structures among phenotypic traits is that even if the residual covariance matrix is considered as diagonal, which is a consequence of the causal sufficiency assumption, unobserved correlated genetic effects act as sources of confounding [ 15, 16].
A natural accumulation of a variation is a consequence of: one, the causal contribution of the variation in the variant's survival; and two, the variation's inheritance.
Persistent systemic inflammation and Fe overload are hallmark features of chronic diseases in humans and in animals; however, it is not known if they are consequences of the disease or causal factors (Yao and Rahman 2011).
This makes randomized controlled trials very attractive, though no panacea, since the treatment and control groups may not be representative of the population in which policy-makers hope to apply the causal conclusions, and the causal consequences of the intervention might differ across different subgroups within the control and treatment groups (Worrall 2007).
Nevertheless, we did find an effect on eye movements of a manipulation of local coherence (the agent effect) that was stronger than our manipulation of global coherence (the causal consequences of the bomb).
Because diabetes is also a major public health problem, the public health consequences of a causal association could be serious.
These considerations illustrate that one can test the predicted correlational consequences of a causal model and thus evaluate its fit.
