Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigExact(1)
Confounding by indication occurs when the effects of treatment indication are ignored, or in general, when factors that may be a consequence of a condition are instead treated as potential causes of that condition [ 14, 15].
Similar(59)
Another approach, used most commonly in the U.S., identifies ill health by the consequences of a condition.
Such studies measure and evaluate the resources used to manage a disease and quantify the associated costs, thus serving as a tool for assessing the economic consequences of a condition on the economic system.
The development and use of PROMs specifically tailored to measure clinical consequences of a condition, such as pressure ulcers, may therefore be problematic: in the case of pressure ulceration has been described as "difficult, if not impossible" [ 20].
Carpal tunnel syndrome is due to compression of the median nerve at the wrist, and can be either of an unknown cause, or a consequence of a systemic condition, such as hypothyroidism.
Thus, the diagnostic categories are limited to those few cases in which a headache occurs in the context and as a direct consequence of a psychiatric condition known to be symptomatically manifested by headache.
The famous braid was in place, but her face was swollen and her small figure was pushed onto the square's stage in a wheelchair, a consequence of a spinal condition that worsened in jail.
This form of secretion (holocrine secretion) has previously been observed in the rat Harderian gland, and may be a consequence of a pathological condition.
In contrast, modern medical thinking defines disability not simply as the consequence of a health condition but as the result of various biopsychosocial interactions [ 7].
In cases where frailty could potentially be a consequence of a single condition, we excluded subjects with a history of dementia, Parkinson's disease, stroke, or a Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) score <18.
The service can be an aspect or consequence of an ecological condition and can directly or indirectly benefit or profit the beneficiaries.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com