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Another precast specimen similar to the control one was strengthened using bolted steel plates within the connection region.
Different types of stiffener geometries in the connection region are then trialed to eliminate strain concentrations in the diaphragms.
Through the test, the stresses at the connection region between a cross beam and a side beam and deflection weremeasured and used to assess the structural safety.
To optimally determine the thickness of connection region and the window function type for PSTD calculations, their influence on the modeling accuracy is firstly analyzed.
Headed stud anchors are subjected to these types of forces in composite structures such as infill walls, composite coupling beams, the connection region of composite columns, or composite column bases.
The use of out-of-plane stiffeners inside the beams in the connection region results in improvement of the moment rotation behaviour of the connection by up to 35% in strength and 75% in ductility.
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Retrofit of existing steel buildings often requires strengthening of the connection regions.
The results identify some problematic regions in the design, concentrated in the connection regions of the cooling plates with the blanket back supporting structure.
In current analysis and design applications, however, the connection regions are generally modeled as rigid zones and the inelastic behavior of the joint is not considered.
No damage was observed in the connection regions of the brace throughout the loading history, leaving the potential for rapid replaceability of the sacrificial BRB element.
The cross diamond-braced type of retrofitting scheme, which was positioned on the infill wall and outside the beam column connection regions of RC frame, showed the best behavior among the other schemes.
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