All participants demonstrated significant increases in response time and number of errors on the incongruent compared with the congruent Stroop task trials [mean RT difference ± SE = 377.6 msec ± 21.6, t(23) = 17.46, p <.001; mean difference errors ± SE = 4.21 ±.66, t(23) = 6.38, p <.001].
Here we found that such responses were not driven by facial features alone, but reflected the social meaning of a smiling expression, i.e., when perceived as rewarding current performance and as congruent with task-goals.
However, the gestures need to be congruent to the task learned.
Over the narrow range of headings used in the discrimination task, congruent cells generally have monotonic visual and vestibular tuning curves with matched slopes, whereas opposite cells generally have oppositely signed slopes.
The games are dimensionally congruent: inherently 2D tasks such as reading and writing are done in 2D, while manipulation tasks are 3D.
Our data document especially high performance for one specific combination of task events: congruent trial accompanied by congruent prediction and conflict level repetition.
Behaviorally, responses were slower to incongruent versus congruent stimuli across all task and response types, along with overall slowing for higher response-mapping complexity.
In the third part of the task, both congruent and incongruent conditions were mixed together in one block and consisted of 12 practice trials and 48 experimental trials.
The computerised Stroop task for congruent responses, Go/No-Go test for missed go responses (see Takagi et al. 2011), and CogstateTM Identification task were used as measures of focused attention (see Hammers et al. 2011, 2012).
The effect of frontal-inferotemporal disconnection in this task is congruent with the idea that detailed visual representations that occur in inferotemporal cortex are critical for the representation of temporally extended events in the PFC that are required for efficient scene learning.
On half of the trials, the relationship between the task-irrelevant parts was congruent with that of the task-relevant parts, and on the other half the relationships were incongruent.
