In addition, there was a main effect of Congruency (F 1,16) = 7.761, P < 0.05) with significantly greater accuracy for congruent (92.4%) than incongruent trials (85.9%).
If our subjects were simply distracted perceptually by the incongruent uncued motion, one might expect the decreases in accuracy from congruent to incongruent trials to be the same for conflict and no-conflict trials.
We predicted shorter RTs and higher accuracy for congruent than for incongruent trials, and thus used one-tailed paired t tests to test these predictions.To test the extent to which the subjects were conscious of the direction of motion in the uncued diagonal, we performed one simple task at the end of the experiment, which we refer to as the "visibility test".
A repeated measures analysis of variance with the factors Stimulus Congruency and Response Conflict showed an interaction between response conflict and stimulus congruency, such that the difference in subjects' accuracies on congruent and incongruent trials was significantly bigger for conflict than for no-conflict numbers [ F 1, 18) = 6.3, p =.02].
To ensure that subjects accurately judged changes in pitch instead of guessing, subjects with less than 90% accuracy in the congruent conditions (UU and DD) were excluded from further analysis.
Further, our calculations of accuracy were largely congruent with theoretical predictions of accuracy calculated using Felsenstein's [17] modification of formulas developed by Fu and Li [34].
In support of this interpretation, lack of congruence in emotional content is associated with slower response times and poorer accuracy than processing congruent information [52].
The test was administered individually, and accuracy was recorded for congruent and incongruent trials.
The only significant statistical difference in terms of accuracy was the lateral congruent 2-color condition, in which monolinguals outperformed bilinguals (Z = -2.12, p = .03) (see Table 1).
Species assignment by MALDI-TOF-MS and tuf sequencing was congruent in all cases, implying an accuracy of species identification by MALDI-TOF-MS of 100%.
A paired-samples t test showed that subjects' accuracy was higher on congruent than on incongruent trials [ t(18) = 2.67, p =.008, one-tailed t test; Fig. 2].
