Congestion and voltage management in distribution network [7, 21, 22, 23].
3) Congestion and voltage management in distribution network [7, 21, 22, 23]. 4) Manage the energy distribution inside an operation of balance responsible parties (or aggregators) [24, 25]. 5) Distribution system operation in term of influencing the behaviors of the decision-makers connected on the network [26].
The increasing number of distributed energy resources connected to power systems raises operational challenges for the network operator, such as introducing grid congestion and voltage deviations in the distribution network level, as well as increasing balancing needs at the whole system level.
Besides the application of congestion and voltage management [7, 21, 22] in the distribution system, a conceptual framework of using transactive control is proposed in [26] that aims to optimally coordinate the operation of self-interested individual decision-makers that emerge in the distribution system.
This paper presents a probabilistic model to reduce the probability of line congestions and voltage violations in a smart grid located in a radial distribution network.
An advanced distribution network management system was also presented in [5] aiming at maximizing wind energy harvesting while simultaneously managing congestion and voltages.
The increasing share of distributed energy resources in the distribution grid provides opportunities to use the resources for the overall benefit of both the Transmission System Operator (TSO) and the Distribution System Operator (DSO) to solve problems related to frequency control, congestion management, and voltage control.
In the present work congestion management with voltage and real power losses improvement are considered as technical factors and production costs of both distributed and conventional generators are considered as economical factor for obtaining the optimum capacities of DG units.
Because of the increasing penetration of distributed generation (DG) units, distribution system operators are faced with significant challenges such as voltage and congestion problems.
Issues such as voltage quality, congestion, efficiency, are emerging.
