This is most often caused by congenital disorders, illness, accidents or skin conditions.
He specialized in pediatric congenital disorders, writing extensively on cleft lip and palate surgery.
It could also provide researchers with a new way of studying spinal cord development, which could help them to learn more about congenital disorders such as spina bifida.
Most congenital disorders, especially malformations, occur sporadically, as a single isolated case within a family.
Many genetic and congenital disorders can be diagnosed prenatally through screening.
Congenital disorders of the coagulation process usually become manifest during infancy or early childhood.
Congenital disorders known as deformities are defined as a secondary bending or change of shape.
A large class of congenital disorders includes inborn errors of metabolism.
(Some congenital disorders were attributed to mechanical causes, such as a narrow uterus).
Some environmental causes of congenital disorders have been attributed directly to maternal lifestyle and to factors that influence maternal behaviour.
In addition to the congenital disorders discussed earlier, a variety of endocrine diseases can occur during childhood.
