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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak quote

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak

CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com

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congenital

Grammar usage guide and real-world examples

USAGE SUMMARY

The word "congenital" is correct and usable in written English.
It refers to something that is present at (or before) birth, such as a physical or mental condition. For example, "Many babies are born with congenital heart defects."

✓ Grammatically correct

News & Media

Encyclopedias

Science

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

60 human-written examples

The body, the paediatric and congenital cardiac services review, was asked to settle a question at the centre of the Bristol tragedy, and which has been raised many times over the years: how many operations should be carried out by a children's heart unit each year for the surgeons to be expert in the complex techniques?

News & Media

The Guardian

"When you get white hair people patronise you, treat you as if you are a congenital idiot, start calling you we," rails the 82-year-old actor Dudley Sutton before sipping his Red Bull and making a start on a packet of digestives.

News & Media

The Guardian

Indeed, golf surely proves our second heresy rather convincingly, as do billiards, pool and snooker (one overweight Canadian snooker player truly proof that snooker is for all shapes and sizes needed to drink enormous amounts of beer during matchplay in order to control a congenital hand tremor).But the virtues of golf and snooker, while making them sports for all-comers, are not complete.

News & Media

The Economist

Muttiah Muralitharan, a Sri Lankan whose 800 Test wickets may never be exceeded, imparts fizz on the ball, in part, due to a congenital arm defect.

News & Media

The Economist

Hence men have better motor abilities or, in layman's terms, are better co-ordinated than women.Dr Verma's other main finding is that most of these differences are not congenital.

News & Media

The Economist

An international team of scientists, led by a group at the University of Pennsylvania, used a genetically engineered virus to introduce the correct version of a gene called RPE65 into six people suffering from a retinal disease known as Leber's congenital amaurosis.

News & Media

The Economist

In particular, women who use it tend to be older than those who conceive naturally, and that can lead to congenital problems in their children.

News & Media

The Economist

A congenital defect had left him with a kink in his arm; he was unable to straighten his elbow fully.

News & Media

The Economist

From these figures Dr Pharoah calculates that the risk of congenital anomaly in a surviving twin following the early loss of its sibling is 2.4 times higher than if the sibling survives and almost four times higher than that of true singletons, who had the womb all to themselves from day one.

News & Media

The Economist

He recently grilled Ben Bernanke, the chairman of the Federal Reserve, in public about the unintended consequences of America's Dodd-Frank reforms.Mr Dimon's assertiveness is explained by both congenital self-confidence and the success of his firm.

News & Media

The Economist

But the internet connection was glacial (hence, along with my congenital laziness, the recent paucity of blog postings).

News & Media

The Economist
Show more...

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When discussing medical conditions, ensure you accurately distinguish between "congenital" (present at birth) and "acquired" (developed later in life) conditions.

Common error

Avoid using "congenital" and "genetic" interchangeably. While many congenital conditions are genetic, not all are. "Congenital" simply means present at birth, regardless of cause, while "genetic" implies a hereditary component.

Antonio Rotolo, PhD - Digital Humanist | Computational Linguist | CEO @Ludwig.guru

Antonio Rotolo, PhD

Digital Humanist | Computational Linguist | CEO @Ludwig.guru

Source & Trust

84%

Authority and reliability

4.6/5

Expert rating

Real-world application tested

Linguistic Context

The adjective "congenital" primarily functions to modify nouns, indicating that a particular condition, trait, or characteristic is present from birth. Ludwig's examples demonstrate its use in phrases like "congenital heart defect" or "congenital arm defect".

Expression frequency: Very common

Frequent in

News & Media

34%

Encyclopedias

19%

Science

19%

Less common in

Formal & Business

0%

Wiki

0%

Reference

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, "congenital" is an adjective used to describe conditions or traits present at birth. Ludwig AI confirms its correct usage in written English. It's frequently used in formal and scientific contexts, as shown by its prevalence in news, encyclopedia entries, and scientific literature. While synonyms like "inborn" and "innate" exist, "congenital" provides a specific and technical meaning. When using "congenital", ensure that you're referring to conditions present at birth, regardless of their underlying cause, and avoid interchanging it loosely with "genetic". The term is highly appropriate for formal writing and professional communications needing clarity and precision.

FAQs

How is "congenital" used in a sentence?

"Congenital" is used to describe conditions or traits present at birth. For example, "The baby was diagnosed with a "congenital heart defect"."

What's the difference between "congenital" and "genetic"?

"Congenital" refers to conditions present at birth, while "genetic" refers to conditions caused by gene mutations or inheritance. A congenital condition isn't always genetic, and a genetic condition isn't always congenital. A genetic condition may manifest later in life. For example, a "congenital disorder" may not be caused by a gene mutation, but a mutation can develop at any point in life.

What are some synonyms for "congenital"?

Synonyms for "congenital" include "inborn", "innate", and "hereditary". Choose the synonym that best fits the context of your writing.

Is it appropriate to use "congenital" in a formal setting?

Yes, "congenital" is appropriate for formal and professional settings, especially in medical or scientific contexts. It's a precise term used to describe conditions present at birth.

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Source & Trust

84%

Authority and reliability

4.6/5

Expert rating

Real-world application tested

Most frequent sentences: