Sentence examples for confounding occur from inspiring English sources

40 All three main types of epidemiologic bias – selection bias, information bias, and confounding – occur in studies of medical databases.

Confounding occurred mostly in areas with linear erosion features and ridges or scarps in morainic and thermokarst terrain.

This confounding occurs because of the requirement that the space be limited and hence pen size and its associated physical attributes are altered in tandem with the levels of the factors.

Confounding occurs when the experimental controls do not allow the experimenter to reasonably eliminate plausible alternative explanations for an observed relationship between independent and dependent variables.

It is possible that substantial confounding occurred, but the close proximity of the odds ratio to 1.00 suggests that directionality may have changed simply due to chance.

Thus, we assume no confounding occurred due to age.

Insofar confounding occurs the association will be attenuated compared with the association between non-siblings.

Spatial confounding occurs when risk factors for a disease are not evenly distributed.

Another potential cause of residual confounding occurs when the functional form of included control or confounding variables is not correctly specified.

Spatial confounding occurs when risk factors for a disease are not evenly distributed, e.g., a cluster of lung cancer may be due to an increased density of smokers.

2 As all the factors influencing outcome may never be known, adjustment is unlikely to ever completely account for the confounding occurring in observational studies.