Sentence examples for confounding methods from inspiring English sources

This tool assesses components such as bias in selection, allocation, blinding, confounding, methods used for data collection, withdrawals from the study, analysis and intervention integrity.

Using data from this more recent period in which the direction of any confounding between lithium and comparison treatments may have changed, we also sought to reduce the amount of any confounding through methods intended to approximate some of the strengths of randomized trials.

Furthermore, because selection and demography are ultimately confounding, our method will be less reliable if mitochondrial positive selection is prevalent in the comparative phylogeographic sample.

Second, we present methods that allow researchers to test causal claims in situations where randomization is not possible or when causal interpretation could be confounded; these methods include fixed-effects panel, sample selection, instrumental variable, regression discontinuity, and difference-in-differences models.

This distinct evolutionary landscape has potential to confound analytical methods developed for other genera.

However, this may cause failure in heterogeneous tumors, which often contain areas of low signal that confound such methods.

This example shows how long-range LD can confound analysis methods in their attempt to precisely identify loci associated with risk for disease.

This is noted as a limitation to our method but it will also confound any method that is based on identifying equivalent lineage-specific rates of evolution.

First, we have used a propensity score matching method which provides more flexible and robust adjustment for confounding than regression methods provide when the distribution of potential confounding variables differs substantially between comparison groups.

In this review, we introduce the definition of confounding effect, the methods of verifying and controlling the effect.

This allows the sensitivity of the spatial intensity results to boundary choice to be assessed without assumptions inherent to more complex methods confounding the comparison.