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Two conflicting cost objective functions, earthwork cost and the utility cost, are cast in a bi-objective optimization problem.
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In this perspective, we consider whether cross-reactivity is an evolved trait of the immune system, driven by conflicting costs and benefits of antigen specificity, or whether it is an inescapable side-effect of the problem of recognizing and binding to an enormous range of putative antigens.
Racial conflict cost him that job, too.
The conflict cost the lives of 18 Serbian policemen, six soldiers and ten civilians.
The conflict cost the lives of hundreds of thousands of Filipinos and about four thousand U.S. soldiers.
Last year alone, conflicts cost the global economy an estimated $14.3trn – more than 13% of world GDP.
The conflict cost about 850 lives and left 35,000 people – mostly ethnic Georgians – unable to return to their homes.
In Prince George's County, which is two-thirds blacks, racial conflict cost the center a new headquarters.
The conflict cost the lives of hundreds of thousands of civilians, and though many of these deaths were from disease, veterans testified at Congressional hearings about rampant brutality by American soldiers.
According to the ancient author Plutarch, the conflict cost over a million Gaul lives, with a further million sold into slavery, while vast tracts of the region were devastated.
The diplomatic conflict cost Boeing Co. a $4 billion fighter jet contract with Brazil's air force.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com