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This approach is based on the assumption that the axial stress and strain of FRP-confined concrete are the same as those of actively confined concrete under the same confinement pressure and lateral strain.
However, in rectangular columns, the sharpness of the columns' corners reduces the confined column performance due to the non-uniformity of the confinement pressure.
We measured internal temperatures, confinement pressure, and ignition time.
The effect of confinement pressure on the strength and strain to failure is investigated.
The results showed that increasing the confinement pressure in elastic length of sleeve caused reduction in bond strength.
It is well established that confinement pressure inhibits comminution and fragment-flow during projectile penetration of ceramics.
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The results of this experimental study clearly indicate that above a certain confinement threshold, FRP-confined HSC and UHSC exhibits highly ductile behavior, however for the same normalized confinement pressures, axial performance of FRP-confined concrete reduces as concrete strength increases.
Tests were conducted under various confinement pressures.
In the experiment, under fluctuating changes in the internal casing pressure and low confinement pressures, the cement sheath was cracked in the radial direction, but under high confinement pressures, the sheath became separated from the casing without macro cracks.
This is probably due to the specific self-weight consolidation, different drainage conditions and confinement pressures encountered in the paste backfilled stopes.
A CT scan of the cement sheath under high confinement pressures indicated a reduction in its pore volume and total volume and the appearance of a micro-annulus on its cementation plane with the casing.
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