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Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite external wrapping has become an increasing popular strengthening and confining method for deteriorated or damaged concrete structures.
This paper presents an experimental investigation on the effect of concrete compressive strength and confinement method on confined high and ultra high-strength concrete (HSC and UHSC) specimens.
This work investigates the consistency of experimentally determining the laminar burning velocity by using two different approaches: the unconfined flame method, based on Schlieren photography of the flame front evolution, and the confined flame method, based on pressure rise monitoring during isochoric combustion.
Those values were then used as reference for evaluating the accuracy of the confined flame method.
The purpose of this of study was to investigate the confined vibration method to produce alumina beads for the study of stress wave propagation in granular media.
The favorable usable pressure data range for the confined flame method was also considered and found to be in the range of (10% < x < 55%).
In summary, we suggest the analytical confined flame method as we define it in this work, to be a cost-effective and less labor-intense alternative to the unconfined flame method for applications where accuracy can be compromised.
The confining method using post-tensioned recycled steel straps allows high-strength concrete (HSC) columns to achieve higher ultimate strength and ductility.
The structuring concepts are grouped by the physical mechanisms governing drop deformation and shaping: (i) capillary structuring, (ii) shear and elongational structuring and (iii) confined flow methods.
Concerning the visible modality, external factors such as different weather conditions and times of a day when images are taken should not confine our method.
We have established the utility of the barcode fragment of the COI gene [23], [24] for this purpose but do not confine the method to this gene.
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