The original calculations of the conformational energy landscape by Holy et al. were made for microtubule asters confined in flat, rigid chambers [17].
Since ArfGAP1 displays curvature-dependent ArfGAP activity in vitro, it would be expected that Arf1-GTP is confined to flat membranes where ArfGAP activity is rather low.
Indeed, I played the Lake map, which features a lakehouse and a semi-built property next door, all condensed within a confined area of flat grassland, boasting a couple of rocky outcrops for cover.
At least when confined to the flat images smartphone cameras provide today.
It is a misconception to think that cross-country skiing is confined purely to flat terrain.
In general, most of the recharge areas are confined in high flat plains and alluvial low plains.
Scaffolds made from molecularly defined biomaterials are instrumental in the regeneration of tissues, but are generally confined to small flat patches and do not comprise the whole organ.
This hostility is by no means confined to the flat provinces, though.
A simple theory was derived for the quantitative determination of mechanical properties of non-adherent melanoma cells confined between two flat surfaces.
Although in theory such visualization may also provide a means for mapping sugar residues along the mucin chain (30), obtaining images of mucin-lectin complexes that do not contain inter- or intrachain entanglement is difficult once the mucin has been confined to a flat surface (Fig. 2).
Optical metasurfaces offer the fascinating possibility of controlling light with surface-confined, flat components.
