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Therefore, the n needed to attain ± a accuracy (as 95% confidence interval spanning ±1.96 σ) at a support level p can readily be calculated as n = p (1- p)(1.95996.../ a). (1) Hedges (1992) based the determination of the confidence interval upon an approximation of the binomial distribution by the normal distribution.
It had been demonstrated that the strong and highly significant quantitative trait locus (QTL) can affect protein percentage on Bos Taurus Autosome 3 (BTat) athehe position 52 cM, near the microsatellite DIK4353, with the 95% confidence interval spanning from 25 to 57 cM in Chinese Holstein population using QTL-express, MQREML, and GRIDQTL softwares.
The mouse QTL on Chr 11 was narrowed from a confidence interval spanning 41 cM to one spanning 17 cM, and the QTL on Chr 12 was reduced from 44 to 22 cM.
Emca6 was defined in (BNxACI F2 rats as a QTL with a LOD peak located proximal to D4Rat103 (82.7 Mb) and a 95% confidence interval spanning from D4Rat14 (41.7 Mb) to D4Rat202 159.11 Mb) (Table 3) (Schaffer et al. 2006).
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For carbon footprints, the results are less uncertain but still the 95%% confidence interval spans a factor ~2 for liquid fuels and a factor of ~3 4 for the biogas options.
The most significant QTL for early incubation behaviour (P < 0.05; genome-wide significant) was detected on chromosome 8 at 21 cM with an F ratio of 11.78 (Table 2), its confidence interval spanned a region between 0 and 42 cM, and it explained 13.0%% of the phenotypic variation (Table 3).
A similar pattern was found for school grades: in the whole population school grades of offspring of women with pregnancy diabetes were lower compared with offspring of women without diabetes in nonsiblings, even when adjusting for potential confounders, whilst associations were in the opposite direction with confidence intervals spanning the null value within sibships [ 47].
In the initial analyses, the confidence intervals spanned on average 40 cM.
QTL confidence intervals spanned 14.5 cM on average, ranging from 2 to 42 cM (Fig. 2).
In one instance, the German pertussis PT IgG data, the confidence interval was notably narrow; in the cases of the RSV/A and RSV/B datasets, the confidence intervals spanned a large proportion of the range of the titers.
The 2-LOD confidence interval spans ∼4 Megabases located at position 54 60 Mb.
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