Many, including biologist Jonathan Eisen, who was one of our original top 50 and who has argued that tweeting helps his career, took to Twitter to question why we conferred stardom based on a simple ranking of follower number, with some calling that a meaningless popularity contest.
Some of these systems have been validated and confer risk based on Gleason grade and MCCL [13].
As noted above, validation is not conferred or rejected based on the animal model per se, but rather on the quality and interpretation of experimental data derived from a particular animal model and applicability to mechanistic underpinnings of human TBI.
Many elicitation methods are available, but it is unclear if any confer advantages based on principles of measurement science.
In addition the association with mortality, which was extremely clear and graded (see Fig. 2 and Table 4), confers validity based on unquestionably objective standards.
One idea, included in legislation working its way through Congress, is to more routinely confer F.D.A. approval based on indications of improved health that can be measured more quickly than survival — so-called surrogate endpoints, like cancerous white blood cell counts and bone marrow characteristics in leukemia studies.
These resources may fall into a variety of categories, including physical, financial, human, and organizational, and confer competitive advantages based on the value, rareness, uniqueness (inimitability), and embeddedness in the organization fabric.
The El Escorial criteria and its descendants confer diagnostic certainty based on the regional distribution of upper and lower motor neuron signs that distinguishes them from other motor neuron disorders.[4] [7].
We selected species that represented different chemical component classes, which may plausibly confer different toxicities based on different chemical properties (Suh et al. 2011).
Previous studies, performed on leaf and crown tissues [ 44, 45], have identified a number of candidate genes conferring cold tolerance based on their increased expression profiles in M. sativa ssp.
