Their influence on the conductivity, rate capability as well as the structure of the resulting electrodes was investigated.
Electrochemical tests revealed the composite heightened electronic and ionic conductivity, rate capability, cycling performance, and significantly reduced charge transfer resistance than pure LTO, especially under the low temperatures.
In other recent studies (see, for instance, [5]), the Fourier law is replaced by an approximation of the equation where the thermal displacement function, the thermal conductivity tensor and the conductivity rate tensor appear.
So, if we integrate in (20) and take into account the initial conditions (q_{i}(0)=0) and (frac{partial }{ partial t}q_{i}(0)=0), we will obtain begin{aligned} q_{i}=- bigl( k_{ij}a_{j}+k_{ij}^b_{j} bigr), end{aligned} (43) in which, we remind that (k_{ij}) is the thermal conductivity tensor and (k_{ij}^) is the conductivity rate tensor.
Let us denote by (t_{alpha }) the phase-lag of the thermal displacement gradient, by (t_{q}) the phase-lag of the heat flux, by (t_{T}) the phase-lag of the temperature gradient, by (k_{ij}) the thermal conductivity tensor and by (k_{ij}^) the conductivity rate tensor.
The parameters estimated were the recharge rate, hydraulic conductivity, dissolution rate coefficient, individual first-order BTEX anaerobic degradation rates, and transverse dispersivity.
Finally, the 3D hierarchical structure can also supply more points to connect the conductive matrix in the electrode, which is beneficial to the conductivity and rate capability of the electrodes.
The apparent electrical conductivity, recovery rate and energy consumption were determined during the evaporation process.
Results showed that the conductivity increasing rate was about 0.08 ms/(cm·d) in AnOMEBR which was lower than that in AnOMBR without electric field (0.11 ms/(cm·d)).
Finally, carbon coatings were deposited on the Fe2O3/CNF composites to further improve their electronic conductivity and rate capability.
