conducted by which

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "conducted by which" is not correct and does not convey a clear meaning in written English.
It may be intended to refer to a specific method or agent responsible for conducting something, but it lacks clarity and proper structure. Example: "The study was conducted by which the researchers gathered data over a year." (This example is awkward and unclear.)

⚠ May contain grammatical issues

News & Media

Science

Wiki

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

4 human-written examples

Interesting, then, that a new survey of applicants, current students and recent graduates, conducted by Which MBA?, suggests that it is in these subjects that business schools are failing.

The Economist

According to studies conducted by Which? consumer awareness of behavioural advertising and online marketing is very low, but that does not mean people would not consent to being tracked.

BBC

To improve the surface quality of the gold film, thermal annealing was conducted, by which an ultra-smooth gold film with root-mean-square (RMS) roughness of sub-1 nm was achieved, accompanied with a hole diameter shrinkage.

Nanoscale Research Letters

A total of 20 interviews were conducted, by which stage preliminary analysis of the data suggested that no new major themes were emerging.

BMC Medical Ethics

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

56 human-written examples

The tests conducted by a Which?

The Guardian - Money

The poll was conducted by Princeton Survey Research Associates, which also conducted a poll for Newsweek.

The New York Times

The officers were treated as witnesses by the investigation conducted by the Independent Police Complaints Commission, which is still ongoing.

The Guardian

They all feature in new research conducted by Library House, which tracks high-growth private companies.

The New York Times

The survey was conducted by McGuire Research Services, which called 1,500 residents from July 31 to Aug. 7.

The New York Times

That inspection, conducted by Verité, which is based in Massachusetts, was a scathing broadside.

The New York Times

On Monday the Bank announced that it would be conducted by Deloitte, which is expected to report early next year.

The Guardian - Business

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

Avoid using "conducted by which" in formal writing. Opt for clearer and grammatically correct alternatives like "conducted by whom" or rephrase the sentence to specify the method or agent directly.

Common error

The phrase "conducted by which" often results from a misunderstanding of how relative pronouns function. "Which" typically refers to things, while "whom" refers to people. If you intend to ask about the person or entity conducting the action, use "whom". For methods, rephrase to use "how" or "through what means".

Linguistic Context

The phrase "conducted by which" is intended to function as an interrogative phrase, seeking to identify the entity or method by which an action was carried out. However, Ludwig AI indicates that it's grammatically incorrect.

Expression frequency: Rare

Frequent in

News & Media

50%

Science

25%

Wiki

25%

Less common in

Formal & Business

0%

Encyclopedias

0%

Reference

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

The phrase "conducted by which" is an attempt to inquire about the method or agent behind an action. However, as indicated by Ludwig AI, this phrase is grammatically incorrect. The analysis of examples from the source material reveals that while the phrase appears in various contexts, it is not considered standard English. For clarity and correctness, it is recommended to use alternatives such as "conducted by whom" (when referring to a person) or to rephrase the sentence to clearly state the agent or method. The most authoritative sources tend to avoid this construction, suggesting that more precise language is preferred in formal writing.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

conducted through which

This alternative specifies a medium or channel through which the action is performed, rather than the agent.

performed by whom

Focuses on the person or group responsible for the action. Replaces 'which' with 'whom' to target people/entities.

carried out by whom

Similar to 'performed by whom', this emphasizes the execution of a task by a person.

undertaken by whom

A more formal substitute highlighting personal responsibility.

implemented by whom

Focuses on the entity enacting or putting something into effect.

done by which method

Concentrates on the methodology or technique used in carrying out the action, which makes it grammatically correct.

executed using which

Highlights the tools, techniques, or resources employed in the execution.

achieved through what means

Focuses on the instruments or tools used to accomplish a goal or task.

realized via what means

This alternative is a more formal way of asking how something was brought into reality.

accomplished by what means

This alternative asks about the means of accomplishment.

FAQs

What is the correct way to ask who performed an action?

Instead of "conducted by which", use "conducted by whom" when referring to a person or entity that performed the action. Alternatively, rephrase the sentence to clearly state who or what conducted the action.

Is "conducted by which" grammatically correct?

No, "conducted by which" is not grammatically correct. It's better to use "conducted by whom" when referring to a person or organization, or to rephrase the sentence to clarify the actor or method.

How can I rephrase a sentence using "conducted by which" to make it clearer?

Instead of using "conducted by which", you can rephrase the sentence to directly state who or what conducted the action. For example, instead of "The survey was conducted by which method?", you could say "Which method was used to conduct the survey?"

What are some alternatives to "conducted by which" that I can use in my writing?

Alternatives include "conducted by whom" (for people), or rephrasing the sentence to specify the method or agent directly. Consider using constructions like "Which method was used to conduct...?" or "By what means was it conducted?"