The city agreed to create a kind of checklist, which police officers would complete each time they conducted a stop-and-frisk.
The latest violence happened when the police were conducting a "stop and search" operation.
May said that it took 16 minutes for an officer to conduct a stop and search and complete the paperwork.
Yet during the final week of this fall's campaign, Republicans will conduct a "Stop Jim McGreevey" bus tour through South Jersey, where Mr. McGreevey's polls numbers are weakest.
Nor was it enough for an officer to conduct a stop simply because the officer had observed the person move furtively, Judge Scheindlin said.
Indeed, before conducting a stop, Officer Gonzalez said an officer had to believe "the person has committed a crime, is committing a crime or is about to commit a crime".
Officer Serrano explained that his interactions with the public did not always rise to stops, as a matter of law, and so he rarely filled out the UF-250 form, which officers are supposed to fill out each time they conduct a stop.
Last month, the court ruled unanimously, in Florida v. J. L., No. 98-1993, than anonymousous tip that a person was carrying a concealed weapon was not sufficient under the Fourth Amendment to justify the police in conducting a stop and frisk search.
"If someone is in the middle of a dark street, staring into the car and then when we drive by, they start ripping up garbage bags," the police officer, Michael Noboa, said, "that would give me reasonable suspicion to conduct a stop, question" and possibly frisk.
The court ruled, 5 to 4, that flight at the mere sight of a police officer can often -- although not always -- be suspicious enough to justify the police in conducting a stop-and-frisk search.
