Attempts to reconcile these conflicting reports in the literature have proposed that they are due to variances in the participant groups (e.g., hydration status, level of heat acclimatization, and degree of sleep deprivation) and/or in the methodology (e.g., environmental conditions, mode of exercise, and type of difficulty of cognitive test) between studies.
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The pathophysiologic basis for the accelerated decline in exercise performance is rooted in airflow obstruction that results in air trapping and hyperinflation, particularly under the dynamic conditions of exercise when an increased ventilatory requirement leads to tachypnea, which shortens the time available for exhalation.
However, there is evidence that mechanisms underlying ST depression under the conditions of exercise testing may differ from effects of other stresses in everyday life (Uen et al. 2008), which can be evaluated with ambulatory ECG data.
This can range from daily diets, amount of exercise, and living conditions.
Paul Elliott, professor and senior author of the study, added: "It's worth bearing in mind that there are many other factors that are known to have important influences on an individual's risk of heart disease and stroke, such as diet, smoking, lack of exercise and medical conditions such as raised blood pressure and diabetes.
In a follow-up study, it would be interesting to describe the exact time (morning versus evening) of the exercise, the general condition of the participants (underlying diseases, risk factors or prior medical conditions), the intensity level of the exercise, the regularity and duration of physical activity or practice, the type of exercise, and documentation of any warming up period.
However, further research is required to examine the effects of alcohol under conditions of exercise-induced fluid loss in order to clarify these findings.
