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In the second part, the health conditions attributable to environmental exposure are described, and quantified using recent epidemiological data.
There are limitations to the current ability to estimate the burden of chronic diseases and conditions attributable to alcohol consumption.
We have used the PAF method to calculate the total number of cases of the four stated conditions attributable to biomass cooking fuel exposure.
Occupational asthma (OA) is asthma that is caused and maintained by conditions attributable to the occupational environment and not to stimuli encountered outside the workplace [ 1].
Fourth, both in estimates of acute and chronic conditions, attributable fractions from meta-analyses of epidemiologic studies are used to estimate alcohol's contribution to mortality and disability.
Another limitation to calculating the burden of chronic diseases and conditions attributable to alcohol consumption is the use of mainly unadjusted RRs to determine the AAFs.
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The base 795 case scenario calculated the costs or savings of each condition attributable to egg cholesterol or nutrient content.
Those with an unstable clinical condition attributable to other severe complications, such as superior vena cava syndrome, central airway obstruction or uncontrollable massive pleural effusion, were also excluded.
This definition is similar to that used in other epidemiologic analyses, in which the population attributable fraction, or PAF, is most commonly interpreted as the percentage of cases of a condition attributable to a given risk factor [ 17].
Furthermore, published estimates of alcohol-attributable deaths, which is a broader measure that also encompasses those conditions partially attributable to alcohol, results in a similar regional ranking as found in this study, although the geographies are not directly comparable (data not shown) [ 22].
A major factor contributing to the absence of effective treatments for TBI-related conditions is attributable to the limited knowledge and heterogeneous nature of pathogenic mechanisms underpinning TBI-related injuries, secondary responses, chronic sequelae, and associated comorbidities.
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