Sentence examples for conditioning in which from inspiring English sources

Fear-potentiated startle is a form of Pavlovian conditioning in which a conditioned stimulus elicits increases in the acoustic startle response [15].

Emotional learning most commonly has been studied in both animal models and humans, using Pavlovian conditioning, in which an otherwise neutrally conditioned stimulus is paired with an innately aversive unconditioned stimulus.

However, Houk׳s proposed cellular model fails to account for the time delay between the dopaminergic and glutamatergic activity required for reward-related learning and also fails to explain the 'eligibility trace' condition needed in delayed tasks of associative conditioning in which a memory trace of the antecedent signal is needed at the time of a succeeding reward.

To our knowledge, this is the first formal characterization of conditioned escape-like responses during classical fear conditioning, in which the shock cannot be avoided.

> -wrap-foot> aTest days 20 and 21 and 27 and 28 were two test-free weekends Anticipatory behavior in the training pigs was induced using Pavlovian conditioning in which an initially neutral stimulus (conditioned stimulus, CS) was repeatedly followed by a supposedly positive or negative treatment (unconditioned stimulus, US).

On the other hand, classical aversive conditioning, in which an autonomic bradycardic response is conditioned, is spared even after ablation of the entire telencephalon in goldfish [ 16].

Avoidance learning is a classical conditioning paradigm in which a conditioned response is achieved after multiple pairings of neutral conditioned stimuli (CS) and aversive unconditioned stimuli (US).

Female parasitic wasps were conditioned using a Pavlovian conditioning assay in which an odour (chocolate or vanilla odour, the conditioned stimulus (CS+)) was associated with the reward of access to a host (the unconditioned stimulus (US)), a C. vomitoria pupa.

Female wasps were conditioned using a Pavlovian conditioning assay in which an odour (chocolate) is associated with the appetitive stimulus of a host (C. vomitoria pupa) as described by Hoedjes et al. [ 14].

Lastly, fear conditioning (assessed by behavioral "freezing") is a conditioning test in which the animals learn to associate a tone with the presentation of a shock.

Ion cyclotron wall conditioning (ICWC) is being developed for ITER and W7-X as a baseline conditioning technique in which the ion cyclotron heating and current drive system will be employed to produce and sustain the currentless conditioning plasma.