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Thus, by adding to the Kaldor Dixon Thirwall model (see Thirwall 2013) the elements from the deterioration of the terms of trade thesis, if productivity is a consequence of income growth (Verdoon Law) and income is conditional on the terms of trade, free trade could lead not only to a divergence process between developed and developing economies but to the economic stagnation of the latter.
Loss to follow-up may lead to selection bias if data are not missing at random, conditional on the terms included in our regression models (Rubin 1976).
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This is because the confounder is uncorrelated with genotype and, conditional on the other terms in the model, the confounder is uncorrelated with the interaction.
The first condition is that, conditional on the pedigree, Mendelian sampling terms of offspring are independent.
The resulting P values were not corrected for multiple testing since the Alexa algorithm performs non-independent tests, i.e. the P value computed for a given GO term is conditional on neighboring terms.
Assuming there is one causal SNP in the region, they modelled the likelihood of the sibs' genotypes at markers and a candidate SNP, conditional on the sibs' affected status, in terms of the penetrances of the corresponding disease-locus genotype and disease-SNP-candidate-SNP haplotype frequencies.
Account creation is now conditional on approving Terms of Service.
While they found positive treatment effects of an additional subsidy, effects are smaller than those from estimates which were not conditional on the participation in a short-term training measure.
However, expectant management of pregnant women with HELLP syndrome remote from term is common practice in the Netherlands, conditional on the safety of the mother [ 20, 102].
It has been rejected by the CWU as it is conditional on the workforce accepting changes to pension arrangements and other terms and conditions.
Conclusions about the parameter space θ are made in terms of probability statements conditional on the data y.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com