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Thus the expected value of the project conditional on the information set to date is positive if and only if the manager's quality is Good.
To find the probability of J. Doe's death conditional on the information, E, that he or she was a senior citizen, we divide the probability that he or she was a senior who died, P(H & E) = 1.36M/275M = 0.00495, by the probability that he or she was a senior citizen, P E) = 16.6M/275M = 0.06036.
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We can therefore determine the probability distribution of potential stimulus intensities conditional only on the information in one or more sensors (Fig. 2).
To quantify a neuron's prediction, we would like to find the probability distribution of possible stimulus intensities conditional exclusively on the information possessed by the neuron.
In Text S1, I describe in greater detail the principles by which we can determine probability distributions of stimulus intensities conditional only on the information contained in multiple sensors, arranged either in parallel or in series.
Every expectation in the remaining of the paper is also (implicitly) conditional on the same information, and we denote it as ({mathbb E}_{t-1}[cdot ]).
Denote the pure industry effect, conditional on the same information as in equations (4) and (5), as κ k for some industry classification k = 1, …, K. Our definition of the pure industry effect is simply the correct aggregation of the pure firm effects within the industry.
In each generation, selection was based on the probability that the candidate is heterozygous for the QTL, conditional on the marker information.
This approach takes into account the identity-by-descent (IBD) relationship matrix estimated using the LOKI package [ 51], which employs a Markov chain Monte Carlo stochastic procedure by computing the IBD allele sharing at points throughout the genome conditional on the genotype information available at neighboring loci.
Inference on mutation and migration can therefore be done conditional on this information.
In general, the SER for M-PSK modulation conditional on the channel state information (CSI) for SNR γ is given by [22] Ψ | { h } = 1 π ∫ 0 ( M - 1 ) π / M exp - b psk γ sin 2 θ d θ, (34).
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