Reductionists seek ways of spelling out the proviso in terms of homogenous reference classes, where homogeneity is spelled out in terms of robust correlations conditional on a set of factors that are held fixed.
By calculating the failure probability of each service by FORM (First Order Reliability Method) or SORM (Second Order Reliability Methods), the probability of functional interruption is obtained in terms of Didevsen bounds, conditional on a given earthquake intensity.
The resulting P values were not corrected for multiple testing since the Alexa algorithm performs non-independent tests, i.e. the P value computed for a given GO term is conditional on neighboring terms.
Thus, by adding to the Kaldor Dixon Thirwall model (see Thirwall 2013) the elements from the deterioration of the terms of trade thesis, if productivity is a consequence of income growth (Verdoon Law) and income is conditional on the terms of trade, free trade could lead not only to a divergence process between developed and developing economies but to the economic stagnation of the latter.
Presenting the choices for the public finances, NIESR said: "Conditional on a soft Brexit, there is room in the government's near-term debt and deficit targets to raise expenditure in areas where pressures are particularly high.
Account creation is now conditional on approving Terms of Service.
Loss to follow-up may lead to selection bias if data are not missing at random, conditional on the terms included in our regression models (Rubin 1976).
However, none of the interaction terms exhibit a significant coefficient, which indicates no differential impact of climatic variations conditional on a sending country's internal stability.
Hence, extreme events obtained from these simulations can be seen as conditional on a certain decade, but it is important not to interpret 500-year return periods at multi-decadal scale, precisely because of long-term variability34.
Those countries may request United States government credits and private financing, conditional on a presidential waiver.
The World Bank made further aid conditional on a state's willingness to reform its power system.
