The presentation order of the stimuli for each condition was randomized for each subject to eliminate any systematic differences in stimulus intensity, both sensory and cognitive.
Object presentation and visuomotor-flip condition was randomized within subjects, with each visuomotor condition having a 25% chance of occurring on any given trial, eliminating any confounds between item and visuomotor condition.
Assignment to instruction condition was randomized.
Ordering of exposure condition was randomized across participants.
However, the "load" condition was randomized across participants.
However, the "load" condition was randomized across subjects.
For fights between conditions (and all competitive copulation experiments) male flies were labeled with a small dot of acrylic paint at least 24 hr prior to the assay; the paint color for each condition was randomized between experiments.
To avoid potential habituation to restraint, at least one week passed between restraint sessions for each animal, and the order in which each animal received each treatment (including the cage condition) was randomized.
In each study of 165 animals, the exposure conditions were randomized.
