The z-score criterion will lead to (erroneous) conclusions of population-level catch-up growth in height when the absolute difference criterion does not.
However, whenever population-based studies and hospital-based studies had been conducted for a condition, we relied more on the conclusions of population-based studies to address relevant questions, and appropriately reported the results.
Thus the conclusion of no population structure from previous analyses based on limited individual or genomic sampling may be imprecise.
We note that the inclusion of mtDNA in our study makes our conclusion of strong population differentiation conservative – mtDNA is perhaps one of the most susceptible loci to homogenizing selective sweeps in animals [ 34].
Thus, calcium imaging in visually identified neurons confirms electrophysiological data, strengthening our conclusion on stabilization of population dynamics despite imprecise homeostatic compensations of single neurons.
In conclusion, complex patterns of population dynamics, seasonal variation in life histories, and variability of behaviour due to asset-protection may cause complex seasonal behavioural dynamics in a population.
Only a few years ago it was normal to base the conclusions of experimental population genetic studies on the analysis of a single gene (Filatov and Charlesworth, 1999), while these days it is not uncommon to use hundreds of loci (or more) in a single study (Begun et al., 2007; Foxe et al., 2008).
The difference between the estimated probabilities and is dramatic, and leads to quite different conclusions in terms of population dynamics.
Therefore, directly using power to evaluate the performance of different analytical methods may lead to inaccurate conclusion in the presence of population stratification.
Thus, calcium imaging in identified neurons confirms the electrophysiological data, strengthening our conclusion regarding the stabilization of population dynamics despite imprecise homeostatic compensations at the level of single neurons.
