These risk factors have been conceptualized as static or dynamic.
If, however, some part of the psyche prohibits such overt expression, then, Freud contended, the repressed and censored impulse produces neurotic symptoms, neuroses being conceptualized as the negative of perversions.
If we understand vulnerability as a social process, L&D can be conceptualized as the negative outcomes of exposure to environmental hazards and the lack of capacity to manage them.
What the Peruvian study nonetheless reveals is that processes of political, cultural and economic globalization can be conceptualized as having negative as well as positive effects.
Pain catastrophizing is conceptualized as a negative cognitive affective response to pain and has been associated with a number of important pain-related outcomes including clinical pain severity, pain-related activity interference, disability and alterations in social support [ 11, 12].
Given that rumination is normally conceptualized as a response to negative mood, one might expect rumination to moderate and/or mediate the impact of distressing events on psychological distress.
Carer burden is conceptualized as a demanding activity, or a negative reaction to activities related to caring for the patient [ 11, 12].
Particularly reinforcement and praise by the therapist may be conceptualized as a form of counterconditioning that could neutralize the negative evaluation of the phobic stimulus.
One of the best-known traits, neuroticism (N), is conceptualized as a factor-analytically derived, basic personality trait related to negative affectivity such as anxiety and depression (or in its reversed form: emotional stability).
Compulsive buying has been conceptualized as a chronic and repetitive purchasing pattern which turns into a primary response to negative events or feelings that provides short-term positive rewards, but which ultimately carries harmful consequences [ 1].
