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The inhibition of cell survival by GL was Statistically significant as evidenced by IC50~2 μmol/L concentrations standardized to z-Gug.
GL significantly inhibited growth of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells with an IC50~2 μM at pharmacologically relevant concentrations standardized to its major active constituent z-Gug.
In 2006/07, perch in 75% of the study lakes had Hg concentrations (standardized to 12-cm fish length) equal to or above the concentration (0.21 μg·g−1 ww) associated with a 50% reduction in maximum productivity of loons, compared with only 56% of these lakes in 1996/97.
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Quality and quantity of the finished libraries were assessed using an Agilent DNA1000 chip and Qubit® dsDNA HS Assay Kit, respectively with DNA concentration standardized to 2 μM.
Patient haematocrit values were not reported in the aforementioned study, but assuming they were similar to the average in our study (33%), the corresponding concentration standardized to a haematocrit of 45% (CstdHCT45) would be 14.2 μg l−1 (10.4 × 45%/33% 7, Figure S1).
In the Oslo and Brisbane cohorts, the average tacrolimus concentration standardized to a haematocrit of 45% on day 7 post-transplant was 12.2 and 19.9 μg l−1, respectively (calculated from individual CLwb, HCT45/ F estimates, haematocrit values and actual doses), illustrating local differences in targeted tacrolimus exposure.
Freely dissolved and crayfish tissue PAH concentrations were standardized to total sample PAH concentration (ΣPAH) and 4th root transformed prior to PCA because preliminary tests indicated that this transformation improved overall data visualization and reduced the impact of large scaling differences between PAH proportions.
The protein concentration was measured by Nanodrop and the protein concentrations were standardized to 1 mg/ml.
Based on pharmacological theory and confirmation that hematocrit standardization is consistent with unbound concentration-independent pharmacokinetics, we recommend that tacrolimus whole blood concentrations be standardized to a hematocrit (Hct) of 45%% (Cstd = Ctot × 45 %/Hct) to reflect the unbound (active) drug more closely.
Concentrations were standardized to approximately 100 μg/mL by visual comparison with known standards.
The concentration of genomic DNA was measured using the Quant-iT PicoGreen dsDNA assay (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA), and concentrations were standardized to 50 ng/μL for genotyping.
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