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Cells were then washed twice in binding buffer (1.3 mM CaCl2, 10 mM HEPES, 150 mM NaCl, 5 mM KCl and 1 mM MgCl2, pH 7.4) and incubated with increasing concentrations of competitors: active anxA5-DTPA 6, inactive M1234-anxA5-DTPA and wildtype anxA5.
For competition studies, lysates were preincubated for 1.5 h at RT with excess concentrations of competitors before addition to wells.
In competitive ELISAs, a single dilution of serum is tested in the presence of increasing concentrations of competitors, such as unconjugated PEGs or PEG-protein conjugates.
For relative binding affinity (RBA) determination, 0.75 pmol recombinant ER-αwas incubated with 2 nM [H]-E2 and increasing concentrations of competitors (xenoestrogens or E2), in a final volume of 500 μL BB.
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At least four different concentrations of competitor, spanning three orders of magnitude adjusted appropriately for the IC50 of each compound, were used.
As different concentrations of competitor were used for each individual experiment, data in the graphs are shown from one representative experiment Fig. 5 Comparison of obtained and reported K i values.
At higher concentrations of competitor, the affinity of the "−5 bp swap" promoter for apo-Fur is still greater than WT G27 but slightly less than WT 26695.
At low concentrations of competitor DNA, the "−5 bp swap" promoter is able to bind to apo-Fur with an affinity similar to WT 26695 while WT G27 exhibits weaker binding.
Binding reactions typically contained 500 nM labelled DNA, 5 µM protein 50 mM NaCl, 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0), 0.5 mM EDTA 1 mM dithiothreitol, 5% glycerol and increasing concentrations of competitor DNA in a final reaction volume of 10 µl.
Six serial two-fold dilutions were prepared containing known concentrations of competitor.
Higher concentrations of competitor result in lower analyte retention times since the competitor also binds to the affinity column.
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