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Field measurements of S2− were made using a portable colorimeter (model DR890, Hach Company, Loveland, Co, USA) and the methylene blue method (Method 8131, Hach Company), which indicates the total sulfide concentration (sum of H2S, HS−, and S2− species).
The total PCB concentration (sum of 24 PCB congeners) in workers' sera ranged from 0.6 and 17.8 μg/l (mean 3.9 μg/l, median 1.9 μg/l).
Approximately half of the total PCB concentration (sum of 51 congeners, mean ± SD = 0.53 ± 0.55 ng/g serum) was attributable to ΣPCB4 (mean ± SD = 0.25 ± 0.26 ng/g serum).
One spot urine sample was collected from each participant and analyzed by CDC using HPLC and tandem mass spectroscopy to determine BPA concentration (sum of BPA parent compound plus conjugated metabolites; nanograms per milliliter).
The median PAH concentration (sum of 16 parent PAHs) for coal-tar-based and asphalt-based sealcoat products has been reported to be >50 000 and 50 μg/g, respectively (19).
Total calcium concentration (sum of ionized and bound/complexed calcium) was measured in coronary arterial and aspirate plasma and in particulate debris after extraction with HCl by atomic absorption spectrophotometry [ 38].
Similar(53)
The continuous system state is x = [PL ML PR MR]T∈X, where the subs indicate communities (note that the concentrations of ex-members, EL and ER, are not independent states because the total concentration sums to one on each community).
A prototypical neuron's proximal stimulus (its excitatory receptive field center) is defined as the glutamate concentration summed across a subset of synapses (in principle, a neuron's stimulus could instead be inhibitory).
PBDE concentrations (sum of 35 congeners) in eggs were in the ranges of 282 to 2,059 ng/g lw (Mellum), 116 to 1,722 ng/g (Trischen), and 232 to 2,021 ng/g lw (Heuwiese).
Penta-BDE concentrations (sum of BDE-47, -85, -99, -100, -153, and -154) ranged between 89 and 1,615 ng/g lw at both North Sea locations with generally higher levels in eggs from Mellum (Figure 6).
Plasma concentrations (sum of free and conjugated compounds) peaked at 1.39 and 1.35 for carvacrol and thymol which was accompanied by high concentrations in urine.
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