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Many factors such as antibody concentration, specificity and avidity may contribute to the biological activity of vaccine-induced antibodies.
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At higher cutoff concentrations, specificity of the marker increased, but sensitivity rapidly decreased [ 73].
Also antibody concentrations, specificity, and incubation times for all probes were optimized in single CISH single labelings.
An ROC curve was built evaluating the sensitivity and 1-specificity for self-reported smoking at different cut-off points of the continuous urinary cotinine concentration; sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve were estimated.
Fluorescently labeled antibodies, optimized for concentration and specificity using isotype controls, were added to the cells, and these were analyzed, after washing, with a FACScalibur flow cytometer (Becton Dickinson) in the Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics Core facility of the University of Kentucky.
Moreover, sputum concentration decreased specificity, though this difference was attenuated when clinical response to TB therapy was considered in the gold standard.
The ligand can be applied to living cells and the movement of GPCRs can be visualized in real-time under varying conditions concerning incubation time, temperature as well as ligand concentration and specificity.
For MO sequences, concentrations, and specificity tests as well as for the details on generating the constitutively active Nematostella BMPRI, see the Supplemental Experimental Procedures.
To dissect the signalling events responsible for FGF-inducible DUSP6/ MKP- 3 expression, we have employed chemical inhibitors at concentrations where specificity is optimal.
This may be ascribed to the fact that baseline CRP concentrations lack specificity in terms of the etiologic distinction between bacterial and non-infectious inflammatory insults and also the limited role in outcome prediction.
Experiments have been carried out to determine the effective differences in accuracy (proximity to true value), sensitivity (ability to accurately detect changes at low concentrations), and specificity (to hybridize to the correct gene) among the technologies [ Hardiman, 2004; van Bakel and Holstege, 2004; Draghici et al., 2006].
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